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 * Einsteins Theory of Relativity**

Einsteins' Theory of Relativity revolutionized the way science looks at physics. As part of the centenary celebrations of Einstein's "miraculous year" when, as a 26-year-old patent office clerk he came up with his special theory of relativity (which is different from the general theory of relativity, which came 10 years later, and was even more revolutionary).

As everyone had accepted that time was constant and immutable, Einstein observed that time was not, and that the speed of light actually was. The theory of relativity was revolutionary because it showed how the speed at which time happens is mutable; that space and time are not discrete entities: time and space and motion collapse into a fourth dimension, in which all act on each other. It is impossible to say "now" without saying "here" and "how fast".

|| || ds2=dx2+dy2+dz2-c2dt2 ||   || which belongs to two adjacent points of the four-dimensional space-time continuum, has the same value for all selected (Galileian) reference-bodies. If we replace //x, y, z,// //ct,// by //x//1, //x//2, //x//3, //x//4, we also obtain the result that is independent of the choice of the body of reference. We call the magnitude //ds// the “distance” apart of the two events or four-dimensional points. || || //ct// instead of the real quantity //t,// we can regard the space-time continuum—in accordance with the special theory of relativity—as a “Euclidean” four-dimensional continuum, a result which follows from the considerations of the preceding section. || Work by Albert Einstein.
 * We are now in a position to formulate more exactly the idea of Minkowski, which was only vaguely indicated in [|Section XVII]. In accordance with the special theory of relativity, certain co-ordinate systems are given preference for the description of the four-dimensional, space-time continuum. We called these “Galileian co-ordinate systems.” For these systems, the four co-ordinates //x, y, z, t,// which determine an event or—in other words—a point of the four-dimensional continuum, are defined physically in a simple manner, as set forth in detail in the first part of this book. For the transition from one Galileian system to another, which is moving uniformly with reference to the first, the equations of the Lorentz transformation are valid. These last form the basis for the derivation of deductions from the special theory of relativity, and in themselves they are nothing more than the expression of the universal validity of the law of transmission of light for all Galileian systems of reference. || ||
 * Minkowski found that the Lorentz transformations satisfy the following simple conditions. Let us consider two neighbouring events, the relative position of which in the four-dimensional continuum is given with respect to a Galileian reference-body //K// by the space co-ordinate differences //dx, dy, dz// and the time-difference //dt.// With reference to a second Galileian system we shall suppose that the corresponding differences for these two events are //dx', dy', dz', dt'.// Then these magnitudes always fulfil the condition.[|1]
 * The validity of the Lorentz transformation follows from this condition. We can express this as follows: The magnitude
 * Thus, if we choose as time-variable the imaginary variable

"Einstein, Albert. 1920. Relativity: The Special and General Theory". Bartleby. February 3, 2009 .
 * Works Cited:**